US study explores feasibility of coal-to-nuclear conversion
Researchers from the University of Michigan have assessed the feasibility of converting 245 coal-fired power plant sites in the United States into sites on which to build and commission advanced nuclear reactors. This study provides crucial information for policymakers and utility companies to meet their decarbonization goals.
Using the "Siting Tool for Advanced Nuclear Development" (STAND), developed in collaboration with several national laboratories, the study systematically evaluates the potential for coal-to-nuclear (C2N) transitions in the U.S.
STAND allows for the simultaneous assessment of multiple sites, balancing socioeconomic and safety factors to identify optimal locations for advanced nuclear reactors. "The tool's ability to evaluate multiple sites simultaneously and balance a set of objectives offers a more scalable and robust analysis than previous studies, which focused on a few specific plants," the researchers noted.
The study systematically evaluates the potential for coal-to-nuclear transitions in the U.S
Transition context
In 2022, coal-fired power plants accounted for 20% of total energy generation in the U.S., emitting 847 million metric tons of CO2, equivalent to 55% of the total CO2 emissions from the electric sector. Coal Power Plants (CPPs) are being phased out in many countries, including the United States. Utility companies across the country have included the transition from coal generation to cleaner energy sources in their Integrated Resource Plans.
As part of this transition, it is crucial to convert retired CPPs into alternative clean sources, such as nuclear energy, which can generate the same stable baseload power as coal but without carbon emissions. Converting operational CPPs to nuclear power plants can save time and money by utilizing existing infrastructure, such as transmission lines and electrical system components. Moreover, local communities can benefit from job retention and tax base preservation as coal plants are gradually eliminated, according to the study.
As part of this transition, it is crucial to convert retired coal power plants into alternative clean sources, such as nuclear energy
Study results
The study classified the 245 coal plants into two groups based on their capacity. The results showed variability in the feasibility of the transition, with suitability scores ranging from 47 to 84 out of 100. The R M Schahfer coal plant in Indiana was found to be the most viable site for capacities of 1,000 MWe or less, while the AES Petersburg plant, also in Indiana, led in the higher capacity group, with a generation capacity exceeding 1,000 MWe. "The results revealed a wide range of suitability levels and trade-offs among different locations," the researchers noted.
Study conclusions
The analysis conducted by STAND can benefit energy modelers, stakeholders, policymakers, utility companies, and energy industries in making informed decisions. However, it emphasizes the need for further on-site geological investigations, environmental assessments, and community engagement processes before finalizing decisions related to reactor licensing.
The study, published in "Energy Reports," was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy and funded through the Nuclear Energy University Program.
Sourse: World Nuclear News
